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As of December 1, 2024, apple stocks in Europe fell by 0.7% year-on-year (YoY), totaling 4.26 million metric tons (mmt). Significant declines were observed in Denmark, with a 39.1% decrease, Austria with 34.9%, and Belgium with 25.8%. These declines were particularly notable in varieties like Jonagold and Golden Superior. In contrast, Spain, particularly Catalonia, saw an 8.5% YoY increase in stocks, reaching 224.8 thousand metric tons (mt).
In the United States (US), apple stocks decreased by 2.4% YoY, with notable declines in varieties such as Aidared and Golden Superior. However, varieties like Cosmic Crisp and Pink Lady experienced substantial growth.
India's apple market is experiencing a supply gap due to challenges in local production, which has been impacted by erratic weather patterns and rising input costs. Imported apples are brought in to fill the steady demand, particularly in metropolitan areas and Tier-1 markets, due to their consistent quality and year-round availability. Premium apple varieties like Fuji and Honeycrisp are becoming more popular, although there is a shortage of more affordable varieties such as Red Delicious and Fuji. This shortage is primarily due to logistical disruptions and quality control issues in some sourcing regions. As a result, prices for imported apples have slightly increased, driven by higher freight costs and currency fluctuations.
Consumers continue to pay a premium for quality. Turkey and Poland have emerged as strong suppliers, offering competitive pricing and quality, while traditional suppliers like the US, New Zealand, and Italy remain popular for premium apples. With ongoing festivities and the wedding season in India, demand is expected to remain stable in the coming weeks, and imports are likely to continue performing well.
Poland's apple industry gained significant recognition with the shipment of the first consignment of Grójec apples to Brussels, marking the Polish presidency of the Council of the European Union (EU). Originating from the Grójec region, the largest orchard in Europe, these apples are known for their sweet flavor, unique aroma, and distinct blush. Awarded Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) status in 2011, the apples will be featured at key events in Poland and Brussels, showcasing the high quality of Polish produce. This initiative not only underscores Poland's position as the EU's leading apple producer but also highlights the success of Polish fruit farming, which has benefited from EU support over the past two decades.
Ukrainian apples, especially those from the Bukovita brand, have become popular in Tajikistan, where they are commonly found in branded packaging at both wholesale and retail markets. Although official statistics show no direct apple exports from Ukraine to Tajikistan in the past five years, these apples are likely being re-exported through third countries, such as Uzbekistan. Packaged in distinctive black boxes, the red apples from the Bukovita brand have developed a strong following in Tajikistan, with traders reporting high demand and strong sales performance.
A Washington State University study highlights the significant challenges climate change poses to apple production in some of the largest growing regions in the US. Researchers analyzed over 40 years of weather data and identified three areas as the most impacted by changing climate conditions: Yakima in Washington, Kent in Michigan, and Wayne in New York. Key factors such as extreme heat, warm nights, and shifting cold days are threatening apple growth by altering blooming times, causing sunburn, and affecting fruit color and quality.
Researchers are developing adaptation strategies, including a USD 6.75 million United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-funded project aimed at mitigating the impacts of extreme weather events on apple and pear crops.
Apple prices in Italy dropped by 3.49% week-on-week (WoW) to USD 1.66 per kilogram (kg) in W2, reflecting a 5.68% month-on-month (MoM) decline and a 13.54% YoY decrease due to high supply levels stemming from the extended harvest season, which has kept the market oversaturated. This oversupply, combined with strong competition from other European apple producers offering competitive prices, has intensified downward pressure on Italian apple prices. Furthermore, the seasonal post-holiday demand recovery has been weaker than expected, failing to absorb the abundant supply, thereby heightening the price decline.
In the US, apple prices remained steady at USD 1.21/kg in W2 with no WoW and MoM change due to balanced supply and demand dynamics supported by well-managed inventory levels and consistent market performance. However, prices increased by 6.14% YoY due to stronger demand for premium fresh apple varieties, such as Honeycrisp and Evercrisp, and with tighter supply conditions resulting from a slightly smaller national crop. Limited international availability, persistent export challenges, and market shifts toward European apples following an October port strike further constrained supply, contributing to the YoY price growth.
Chile's apple prices increased by 11.40% WoW to USD 2.15/kg in W2, marking a 5.39% MoM increase due to a surge in post-holiday demand and improved export activity to key markets. This price rebound reflects a temporary tightening of supply as inventory levels adjust to meet renewed market needs. However, YoY prices dropped significantly by 33.85% due to the correction from exceptionally high prices in 2023, which were driven by severe supply shortages and heightened global demand. The current YoY decline highlights a return to more typical market conditions as production and supply stabilizes.
In W2, South Africa's apple prices increased significantly by 18.39% WoW to USD 1.03/kg, marking an 11.96% MoM increase. The price increase is due to improved demand in local and export markets, particularly following the resumption of exports to Thailand and other key destinations. Additionally, reduced supply from early-season harvests has tightened market availability, contributing to upward price pressure. However, there is a 20.16% YoY drop due to the lingering effects of a more balanced harvest and normalized supply levels compared to last year when prices were high due to smaller harvests and logistical disruptions.
Apple prices in France increased by 18.05% WoW to USD 1.57/kg in W2, with a 22.66% MoM increase and a 6.80% YoY increase due to a surge in post-holiday local and export demand, particularly for premium apple varieties. The seasonal tightening of supply, combined with strong interest from European markets, has pushed prices upward. Improved quality and market readiness of stored apples have also contributed to higher prices. The YoY increase reflects a recovery in demand and more competitive pricing compared to early 2024, as producers leverage stable market conditions to support higher price points.
Polish apple exporters should capitalize on the Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) status of Grójec apples by intensifying marketing campaigns across the EU and beyond, focusing on their distinct flavor, aroma, and quality. Collaborating with international distributors and participating in food exhibitions can further enhance visibility. Highlighting the apples' unique regional heritage and their role in European agriculture during trade events will bolster Poland's reputation as a leading apple producer, attracting new buyers and strengthening export opportunities.
Indian apple importers and distributors should enhance coordination with suppliers from Turkey, Poland, and traditional markets like the US and New Zealand to address shortages of affordable varieties. Streamlining logistical processes and investing in robust quality control mechanisms will ensure consistent supply and minimize disruptions. Additionally, importers should expand sourcing channels for premium and mid-tier apple varieties to meet diverse consumer preferences and maintain stable pricing during high-demand periods, such as festive and wedding seasons.
South African apple exporters and producers should optimize export readiness by aligning harvesting schedules with key market demands, such as those in Thailand and other export destinations. Collaborating with logistics partners to ensure timely shipments and reduce post-harvest delays will help capitalize on strong export demand. Additionally, leveraging marketing strategies to highlight the improved quality of early-season apples can sustain premium pricing and market competitiveness during periods of reduced supply.
Sources: Tridge, Agravery, Freshplaza, Gov Pl, MXfruit, Portalfruticola, Sinor
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